Weight loss surgery as a last resort
can successfully help severely overweight or obese people lose excess weight.
There are several different types of weight loss surgeries to choose from.
Consult your health care provider to discuss whether or not you make a good
candidate for weight loss surgery, which procedure would work best for you and
whether natural options like Slimirex might be safer and more effective.
How Does Weight Loss Surgery Work?
There are two basic types of weight
loss surgery that are currently used for weight reduction. Restrictive
procedures work by decreasing food intake. Malabsorptive procedures, on the
other hand, alter digestion, and cause food to be poorly digested and incompletely
absorbed so that it is eliminated in the stool.
Restrictive Procedures:
Restrictive
weight loss surgery works by altering the size of the stomach, to reduce the
amount of food that can be consumed at one time. It does not, however,
interfere with the normal absorption or digestion of food. A restrictive weight loss surgery involves the creation of a
small stomach pouch in the upper portion of the stomach. The capacity of this
pouch is about one half to one ounce.
The pouch then connects to the rest of the
stomach through an outlet known as a "stoma." The reduced stomach
capacity allows the patient to feel fuller with less food, and by decreasing
overall food intake, the patient can achieve sustained weight loss. The success
of this weight loss surgery ultimately depends upon the ability of the patient
to alter his or her eating habits. After surgery, it is likely that the patient
will only be able to consume a maximum of one half cup full of food at each
sitting. Compliance with these requirements is necessary to avoid stretching
the pouch and defeating the purpose of the surgery.
* Vertical Banded Gastroplasty: This
is restrictive weight loss surgery in which the upper stomach near the
esophagus is stapled vertically for about 2-1/2 inches to create a smaller
stomach pouch. The outlet or stoma that connects to the rest of the stomach is
restricted by a band or ring that slows the emptying of the food and allows the
patient to feel fuller with less food consumption. After 10 years, studies show
that patients can maintain at least fifty percent of targeted excess weight
loss.
* Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric
Banding: This restrictive weight loss surgery, also called stomach banding,
utilizes a band to divide the stomach into two portions. The band is placed around
the upper most part of the stomach, dividing the stomach into a small upper
portion and a larger lower portion. Because food is regulated, most patients
feel full faster. Food digestion occurs through the normal digestive process.
This surgery can be reversed as the band can easily be removed from the
stomach. As with other weight loss surgeries, the success of this procedure is
dependent on the compliance of the patient with a restricted diet and the
development of an exercise regime.
Malabsorptive Procedures:
Weight loss
surgeries that alter the digestive process are referred to as malabsorptive
procedures. There are several different types of
malabsorptive weight loss surgery. Some of these techniques involve a bypass of
the small intestine, thereby limiting the absorption of calories. Malabsorptive
weight loss surgery reduces the amount of intestine that comes in contact with
food so that the body absorbs fewer calories.
* Biliopancreatic Diversion: The
goal of this surgery is to restrict the amount of food consumed and alter the
normal digestive processes. It also involves the creation of a stomach pouch,
but it is a larger pouch than one created in a restrictive weight loss surgery.
Biliopancreatic diversion alters the anatomy of the small intestine to divert
the bile and pancreatic juices so they meet the ingested food closer to the
middle or the end of the small intestine. Patients report a greater degree of
satisfaction with this procedure than with restrictive weight loss surgery,
because they are able to eat larger meals. And this surgery provides the
greatest amount of malabsorption, it also allows for the greatest amount of
weight loss. But as with restrictive weight loss surgery, long-term success is
dependent upon the patient's ability to adhere to a dietary, supplement,
exercise and behavioral regimen.
Combined Procedures:
Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y is a
recently developed procedure that utilizes the principles of both restrictive
and malabsorptive weight loss surgeries. According to the American Society for
Bariatric Surgery and the National Institutes of Health, Roux-en-Y gastric
bypass is the most frequently performed weight loss surgery in the United
States. This procedure involves the creation of a small stomach pouch with the
remainder of the stomach completely stapled shut and divided from the pouch.
The outlet from the pouch than empties directly into the lower portion of the
jejunum, thus bypassing calorie absorption. By adding malabsorption to a
restrictive weight loss procedure, food is delayed in mixing with bile and
pancreatic juices that aid in the absorption of nutrients. The result is an
early sense of fullness, combined with a sense of satisfaction that reduces the
desire to eat.
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